Theme Air Cooler | Air Conditioning | Global Warming
Flavia Lopez | Indian consumption | Mumbai last updated on November 23, 2021 10:45 IST
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Did you know that refrigeration and cooling technologies such as air-conditioning have increased carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) by more than 1 billion tons, the same as Japan, the world's fifth largest emitter, produced in 2018? India has developed an Indian Refrigeration Action Plan (ICAP) for energy-saving and climate-friendly refrigeration technologies, but according to experts, progress has been slow since the plan was launched two years ago.
As the heat wave sweeps through India, it is estimated that by 2037-38, India's cooling demand will increase by 5 to 8 times compared with 2017-18. Among them, the demand for cooling space will grow the fastest, which will be met by air-conditioning. In August 2021, India approved the Kigali Amendment, which requires countries to replace the global warming hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with more climate-friendly coolants. If fully implemented, the HFC phase-out required by the Kigali Amendment will help avoid a global warming of 0.4°C by the end of this century. In this explainer, we look at possible alternatives to HFC and India's green cooling plan. How existing refrigerants caused global warming, air-conditioning and refrigerators and other refrigeration technologies to use hydrofluorocarbons or HFCs, which were commercialized in the 1990s to replace early refrigerants based on chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs. CFCs are destroying the ozone layer high in the earth’s atmosphere, and the ozone layer is essential to protect life from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. "HFCs are much less harmful than CFCs, but they create another problem-they have a strong heat-absorbing effect, leading to global warming," said Shubhashis Dey, director of the climate policy program at the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation. The temperature rise of HFC is thousands of times that of carbon dioxide. These gases should not be discharged by air conditioning units, but they often leak during manufacturing, maintenance, and breakdowns. According to a 2020 report from the Institute for Governance and Sustainable Development of the United States Environmental Organization, by 2050, HFC emissions are expected to account for 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions.
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